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☆ Putin is tightening his grip over what's left of the Wagner Group
▼ + stars: | 2024-02-17 | by ( Thibault Spirlet | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +5 min

AdvertisementThe military formation has been actively recruiting former Wagner Group mercenaries and soldiers who fought in Ukraine for combat operations in Africa. The Kremlin is likely using the Africa Corps to take over many of the functions of the Wagner Group, Parens added. Last week, in a video obtained by the Kyiv Post, Ukrainian special forces were shown interrogating captured Wagner mercenaries in Sudan. "Ukrainian special services have acquired considerable experience of waging non-linear warfare against the Russian side and especially against the Wagner Group," he said. The fate of the Wagner Group, it seems, still hangs in the balance.

Persons: Vladimir Putin, Yevgeny Prigozhin's, he's, Wagner, Prigozhin, Sergey Sukhankin, Raphael Parens, Parens, Sukhankin, Russia Alessandro Arduino Organizations: Kremlin, Jamestown Foundation, Wagner, Volunteer Corps, Africa Corps, Wagner Group, Fighters, Foreign, Research, Eurasia Program, Military Companies, Africa, Kyiv Post, Russia, Ukraine Locations: Russia, Africa, Ukraine, Western, Ukrainian, Sudan, Russian

☆ Trinity Site, where first atomic blast was set off, opens for one day in October
▼ + stars: | 2023-09-12 | by ( Kathleen Bangs | ) edition.cnn.com time to read: +12 min

Trinity Site is the national historic landmark that’s home to mankind’s first nuclear blast on July 16, 1945, where plutonium gamma rays lit up the night sky. A caution sign warns of radioactive materials at Trinity Site in New Mexico back in 2008. The open house event, hosted by the US Army, is free but limited to the first 5,000 guests, on a first-come, first-served basis. Trinity Site’s atmosphere during an open house is reminiscent of a small-town carnival from a bygone era. And on April 6, 2024, Trinity Site again opens for a single day.

Persons: CNN —, “ Oppenheimer, ”, Matt McClain, Jonathan Larsen, J, Robert Oppenheimer, McDonald, Sam Wasson, you’ll, Jim Lo Scalzo, Oppenheimer, “, John Dempsey, brightens, Jim Eckles, Trinity, we’ve, Bettymaya, Patricia Henning, Henning, Karl G, Jon G, Fuller Organizations: CNN, Jornada, Trinity, Washington Post, US Army, White, Manhattan Project, Sipa, AP, Albuquerque, Army, Venture, Jumbo, Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico Gov, National Security Research, Alamogordo Air Base, Radio Astronomy, Getty, “ SETI, Extraterrestrial Intelligence Locations: New Mexico, New York City, Nagasaki, Japan, Trinity, Hiroshima, Socorro, San Antonio . New Mexico, San Agustin, Mexico

☆ How atomic bombs work and why Manhattan Project scientists designed two types of bombs during WWII
▼ + stars: | 2023-08-09 | by ( Adam Barnes | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +7 min

Atomic bombs work via a process called nuclear fission that involves atom splitting. Albert Einstein didn't make the first atomic bombs, but his famous equation explains how they work. Scene from the film "Oppenheimer," where Cillian Murphy stands next to the first ever atomic bomb to detonate. The scientists designed and completed two different types of atomic bombs because they weren't sure which method would work. Since scientists working on the Manhattan Project weren't quite sure if the plutonium bomb's implosion method would work, they decided to test one before it was used in the war.

Persons: Albert Einstein didn't, Oppenheimer, Cillian Murphy, J, Robert Oppenheimer —, they'd, Albert Einstein, Oppenheimer —, Amanda Macias, Sun, Robert Oppenheimer Organizations: Service, University of Nevada, Trinity, TNT, National Security Research, Los, Manhattan, Hiroshima . Little, Los Alamos National Laboratory Nuclear, Nagasaki . Locations: Wall, Silicon, University of Nevada Las Vegas, New Mexico, Hiroshima, Germany, Los Alamos, United States, Manhattan, Oak Ridge , Tennessee, Los, Hanford , Washington, Nagasaki

☆ What happened when the Trinity test bomb detonated, from the creation of green glass to fallout that drifted over 1,000 miles
▼ + stars: | 2023-08-01 | by ( Jenny Mcgrath | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +14 min

Scientists set off the Trinity test atomic bomb on July 16, 1945. Base camp (9.5 miles away): Through his dark glass, Fermi had the impression the desert was suddenly brighter than day. Chupadera Mesa (30 miles away): Fallout rained on cattle near Chupadera Mesa, giving them serious beta burns, which appear similar to a sunburn. Over 1,000 miles away: In August 1945, Kodak customers complained that their X-ray film, sensitive to radiation, was ruined. The Trinity test fallout had reached the Midwest.

Persons: Trinity, McAllister Hull, Hans Courant, Enrico Fermi, Oppenheimer, Bruce Cameron Reed, Val Fitch, Warren Nyer, General Thomas F, Farrell, Fermi, Rabi, Campañia, Edward Teller, William Spindel, Hans Bethe, Leslie Groves's, Janet Farrell Brodie's, Lilli Hornig, Norris Bradbury, Fitch, Spindel, Hornig, Brodie, Schmidt, McDonald, Reed, sheepherder Jack Denton, Los Alamos Louis Henry Hempelmann, James L, Nolan Jr, Jennet Connet, Bingham, Chupadera, Nolan, Ruidoso, Henry Herrera, Sébastien Philippe, Susan Alzner, Gilbert P, Compo, Mason Grimshaw, Megan Smith, Julian Webb Organizations: Trinity, Service, Manhattan, National Security Research, Geographic, Atomic Energy, Hans, Atomic Heritage Foundation, Base, Manhattan Project, SED, Alamogordo Air Base, Alamos, McDonald, House, Fitch, Silver City, New York Times, Los Alamos, Centers for Disease Control, Princeton University, Consortium, Kodak, Princeton Locations: Wall, Silicon, New Mexico, Sandia, Amarillo , Texas, Albuquerque, Fitch, Los, Bingham, Chupadera Mesa, Nevada, Indiana, Canada, Mexico

☆ 'Oppenheimer' doesn't get Einstein's relationship with the Los Alamos director quite right. Here's what they really thought of each other.
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-28 | by ( Morgan Mcfall-Johnsen | Jenny Mcgrath | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +7 min

In reality, Einstein and J. Robert Oppenheimer knew each other but weren't friends until much later. The movie focuses on J. Robert Oppenheimer, who led the assembly and testing of the first-ever atomic bomb at Los Alamos in New Mexico. Einstein and Oppenheimer disagreed on a key issue: the governmentOppenheimer (right) standing with General Leslie Groves of the US army. Out of fear the Nazis would develop and use a nuclear weapon, Einstein wrote the letter that convinced President Franklin D. Roosevelt to launch an atom-bomb program. Einstein the outsider, Oppenheimer the disgraced insiderJ. Robert Oppenheimer in 1950.

Persons: Albert Einstein, Christopher Nolan, Oppenheimer, Einstein, J, Robert Oppenheimer, Nolan, Alex Wellerstein, Corbis, who'd, Edward Teller, Wellerstein, Arthur Compton, Leslie Groves, Einstein wasn't, wouldn't, Franklin D, Roosevelt, Lewis Strauss, Strauss Organizations: Service, Manhattan, Princeton, New York Times, Manhattan Project, University of Chicago, Times, Getty, Trinity, National Security Research, United Locations: Wall, Silicon, Los Alamos, New Mexico, Princeton, United States

☆ What it was like to live at the Los Alamos lab site during the Manhattan Project
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-25 | by ( Jenny Mcgrath | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +14 min

Los Alamos National LaboratorySituated 7,300 feet above sea level and roughly 35 miles from Santa Fe, the Los Alamos site seemed ideal for a secret laboratory. Constant constructionCompared to the Chicago labs, where some of the work on the Manhattan Project was being done, Los Alamos was starting from scratch. The commissary is where many Los Alamos residents did most of their grocery shopping during the Manhattan Project. Mary Palvesky is the daughter of Harry Palevsky and Elaine Sammel, who both worked at Los Alamos during the Manhattan Project. After the US dropped the bombs, the site became the Los Alamos National Laboratory.

Persons: J, Robert Oppenheimer, he'd, Oppenheimer, Abraham Pais, Laura Fermi, Enrico Fermi's, Robert Wilson, Leslie Groves, John Henry Manley, would've, McAllister Hull, Richard Feynman's, Groves, you'd, Robert Serber, Serber, John Manley, Leon Fisher, Phyllis, Emile Segré, Leon, Phyllis Fisher, wouldn't, Ruth Marshak, Elsie McMillan, Enrico Fermi, Jane Wilson, Charlotte Serber, Kitty Oppenheimer, Los Alamos, Lucie Genay, they'd, Edward Teller, Bernice Brode, Robert Brode, Jean Bacher, Thomas Mann's, Fisher, Mary Palvesky, Harry Palevsky, Elaine Sammel, Palvesky, Joseph Rotblat, Hans Bethe, Pavlevsky, Bethe, couldn't, Marcos, Maria Gómez Organizations: Manhattan Project, Service, Manhattan, Trinity Test, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos National, Los Alamos Ranch School, Manhattan Project . National Security Research, Los Alamos, Alamos lab's Tech Area, National Security Research Center, Residents, Carpenters, Tech, Security Research, Los, Nuclear Weapons Industry, couldn't, Trinity, Chicago Met Lab, Japan Locations: New Mexico, Los Alamos, Wall, Silicon, Alamos, Santa Fe, Chicago, Los, Mexican, Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Berkeley, New York

☆ The beauty and terror of Oppenheimer's first-ever nuclear test explosion, in the words of those who witnessed it
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-25 | by ( Tom Porter | Mia Jankowicz | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +7 min

On July 16, 1945, at 5:29 a.m., the world's first nuclear weapon test was conducted in New Mexico. A photo made by a US Army automatic newsreel camera showing the test explosion of the world's first atomic bomb. An aerial view of the aftermath of the explosion at Trinity Test Site, New Mexico, July 16, 1945. The massive explosion of Oppenheimer's Trinity test was first explained away as an ammo dump explosion. Asked to describe his reaction to seeing the explosion, Oppenheimer quoted a verse from the Bhagavad Gita, a Hindu devotional text.

Persons: J, Robert Oppenheimer, Robert Oppenheimer —, Christopher Nolan's, —, Arthur Compton, Compton, Oppenheimer, Nolan, It's, Elsie McMillan, Edwin McMillan, Gadget, John Donne, Eddie Adams, Sam Allison, Marvin Wilkening, Brig, Thomas F, Farrell, William Spindel, I'm, Roger Rasmussen, Trinity Organizations: Manhattan Project, Service, Scientific, Manhattan, Hollywood, Atomic Heritage Foundation, Trinity, Institute for, Study, AP, US Army, Clovis, National Security Research Locations: New Mexico, Wall, Silicon, Socorro , New Mexico, Princeton , New Jersey, Gen

☆ 'Oppenheimer' fact v. fiction: A nuclear historian breaks down what the movie got right and wrong
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-21 | by ( Jenny Mcgrath | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +18 min

J. Robert Oppenheimer was an immensely complex figure, and the movie's based on a biography of him. Fact: Oppenheimer mocked Strauss about isotopesJ. Robert Oppenheimer testifies before the Senate in October 1945. Fact: A big thunderstorm delayed the Trinity TestOppenheimer (Cillian Murphy) stands next to the test bomb in "Oppenheimer." If it weren't for the atomic bomb, Oppenheimer would likely be best known for bolstering theoretical physics at the University of California, Berkeley. Fiction: Oppenheimer consulted Einstein about Teller's calculations(L-R) Tom Conti as Albert Einstein and Cillian Murphy as J. Robert Oppenheimer in "Oppenheimer."

Persons: Christopher Nolan's, Oppenheimer, Robert Oppenheimer, J, Alex Wellerstein, Kai Bird, Martin Sherwin, Wellerstein, Niels Bohr wasn't, Patrick Blackett, Bird, Sherwin, Blackett, Niels Bohr, Ernest Rutherford, Bohr, Oppenheimer's, Cillian Murphy, Abraham Pais, Baudelaire, e.e, cummings, who's, Haakon Chevalier, Peter, Peter Oppenheimer, Kitty, Haakon, Barbara Chevalier, Robert, Perro, Werner Heisenberg, peppering Bohr, Heisenberg, Strauss, David Hill, Lewis Strauss, Dwight D, David Inglis, Inglis, I've, Arthur Compton, Trinity Test Oppenheimer, Jack Hubbard, Leslie Groves, Hubbard, Feynman, Richard Feynman, I'm, Groves, Robert Serber, David Bohm, Philip Morrison, Willis Lamb, Hitler, Hartland Snyder, Kip Thorne, John Wheeler, Roger Penrose, Penrose, Murphy, Trinity, there's, —, Karl T, Compton, Stimson, Henry Stimson, that's, Harry Truman, Wallenstein, Einstein, Tom Conti, Albert Einstein, Melinda Sue Gordon, Edward Teller, Hans Bethe, Enrico Fermi, Bethe, Roger Robb, He's, Teller, Stanislaw Ulam, Gordon Dean, Charlotte Serber, Charlotte Serber's, she's, Serber Organizations: Service, Manhattan Project's Los Alamos Laboratory, Stevens Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Eisenhower's, Federation of American Scientists, Time, Atomic Energy Committee, Trinity Test, Trinity, Los, University of California, Clovis, National Security Research, Manhattan Project . National Security Research, FBI Locations: Wall, Silicon, England, Leiden, Holland, New Mexico, Perro Caliente, Los Pinos , New Mexico, Germany, Nazi, Denmark, Sweden, Los Alamos, Europe, Berkeley, Poland, Amarillo , Texas, Japan, Kyoto, Alamos

☆ Oppenheimer's famous quote 'I am become Death' isn't really his. The ominous words come from Hindu scripture.
▼ + stars: | 2023-07-20 | by ( Morgan Mcfall-Johnsen | ) www.businessinsider.com time to read: +4 min

J. Robert Oppenheimer watched the first atom bomb explode and thought, "Now I am become Death." That's right," Alan Robock, a climatologist and leading expert on nuclear winter, told Insider. The mushroom cloud of the Trinity nuclear test rises over the New Mexico desert. It was the first atom bomb explosion, ever. Similarly, the new film grapples with the question of how much Oppenheimer was (or wasn't) responsible for how the US used the atom bomb, and for the people it killed.

Persons: Robert Oppenheimer, Oppenheimer, Vishnu, —, Alan Robock, Christopher Nolan's, Prince, Kenneth Bainbridge, Rev, Stephen Thompson, Gita, Leslie Groves, J, Arjuna, Lord Krishna, Krishna, Thompson Organizations: NBC, Service, Manhattan, Trinity, National Security Research, Trinity Test, Wired Locations: Wall, Silicon, New Mexico, Hiroshima, Nagasaki

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